{"id":15,"date":"2008-12-12T20:14:30","date_gmt":"2008-12-13T04:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/?p=15"},"modified":"2008-12-12T21:42:01","modified_gmt":"2008-12-13T05:42:01","slug":"simulate-out-of-the-bochs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/2008\/12\/12\/simulate-out-of-the-bochs\/","title":{"rendered":"Simulate Out Of The Bochs"},"content":{"rendered":"

When I worked in Paris for a short time I was hugely amused to hear the colloquialism "Quesque c’est ta boîte?", "What’s your job?" or "what’s your company?", which translates literally as "What’s your box"? I know we all love working but occasionally "box" describes one’s lot perfectly, hein?<\/p>\n

Anyway, if I’m to implement the Cog JIT in Smalltalk and use the Slang translation-to-C route to generate the C source of the production VM I need a way of emulating the JIT’s target processor from within Smalltalk. Using the real processor ties the development platform to one’s real hardware and potentially leaves one open to random crashes of the entire IDE if one generates incorrect code. Communicating through a ptrace-like interface to another process would mean the existing InterpreterSimulator’s memory, a large Bitmap instance, would have to be replaced and mapped onto the remote process, and still one is tied to the available hardware. A software simulator is much more attractive.<\/p>\n

Searching for such a beast I stumbled on Bochs<\/a>, a C++ implementation of an entire x86-based PC that is capable of running Windows or Linux and emulating a sound blaster, and more. At first I thought of trying to translate the code into Smalltalk but wiser heads than mine, specifically my colleague Josh Gargus, pointed out that this would be a bad idea (complex, error-prone and time consuming) and that I’d be better off using the actual C++ code, wrapping it in some kind of primitive interface.<\/p>\n

The first thing I needed was an interface to Bochs’ C++ cpu object and that means Alien. Alien<\/a> is a minimal FFI<\/a> I wrote for the Newspeak team at Cadence, under the direction of Gilad Bracha<\/a>. The part I need for Bochs is the external data modelling code. To quote from the class comment:<\/p>\n

Aliens represent ABI (C language) data. They can hold data directly in their bytes or indirectly by pointing to data on the C heap. Alien instances are at least 5 bytes in length. The first 4 bytes of an Alien hold the size, as a signed integer, of the datum the instance is a proxy for. If the size is positive then the Alien is "direct" and the actual datum resides in the object itself, starting at the 5th byte. If the size is negative then the proxy is "indirect", is at least 8 bytes in length and the second 4 bytes hold the address of the datum, which is assumed to be on the C heap. Any attempt to access data beyond the size will fail. If the size is zero then the Alien is a pointer, the second 4 bytes hold a pointer, as for "indirect" Aliens, and accessing primitives indirect through the pointer to access data, but no bounds checking is performed.<\/p>\n

When Aliens are used as parameters in FFI calls then all are "passed by value", so that e.g. a 4 byte direct alien will have its 4 bytes of data passed, and a 12-byte indirect alien will have the 12 bytes its address references passed. Pointer aliens will have their 4 byte pointer passed. So indirect and pointer aliens are equivalent for accessing data but different when passed as parameters, indirect Aliens passing the data and pointer Aliens passing the pointer.<\/font><\/p>\n

Once I had the Alien framework in the VM I needed to generate an interface to the Bochs cpu. Here’s the program that does that:
\n————-8<————- printcpu.c ————-8<————-
\n\/*
\n% g++ -I.. -I..\/cpu -I..\/instrument\/stubs -Wno-invalid-offsetof @ -o #
\n *\/<\/p>\n

#include <stddef.h>
\n#include <bochs.h>
\n#define NEED_CPU_REG_SHORTCUTS
\n#include <cpu.h><\/p>\n

static char buf[10];<\/p>\n

char *
\nlower(char *s)
\n{
\n\t        int i;
\n\t        for (i = 0; i < strlen(s); i++)
\n\t        \t        buf[i] = tolower(s[i]);
\n\t        buf[i] = 0;
\n\t        return buf;
\n}<\/p>\n

int
\nmain()
\n{
\n#define stoffsetof(type,field) (offsetof(type,field)+1)
\n#define print(r,n) \\
\nprintf("!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem %d\/%d\/%d %d:%d’!\\r"\\
\n\t        "%s\\r\\t^self unsignedLongAt: %d! !\\r", m,d,y,h,i, lower(#r), \\
\n\t        stoffsetof(BX_CPU_C,gen_reg[n].dword.erx));\\
\nprintf("!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem %d\/%d\/%d %d:%d’!\\r"\\
\n\t        "%s: anUnsignedInteger\\r\\t^self unsignedLongAt: %d put: anUnsignedInteger! !\\r", m,d,y,h,i, lower(#r), \\
\n\t        stoffsetof(BX_CPU_C,gen_reg[n].dword.erx));\\<\/p>\n

\t        time_t nowsecs = time(0);
\n\t        struct tm now = *localtime(&nowsecs);
\n\t        int m = now.tm_mon + 1; \/* strange but true *\/
\n\t        int d = now.tm_mday;
\n\t        int y = now.tm_year + 1900;
\n\t        int h = now.tm_hour;
\n\t        int i = now.tm_min;<\/p>\n

\t        printf("\\"Hello world!!\\"!\\r");
\n\t        printf("!BochsIA32Alien class methodsFor: ‘instance creation’ stamp: ‘eem %d\/%d\/%d %d:%d’!\\r"
\n\t        "dataSize\\r\\t^%d! !\\r", m,d,y,h,i, sizeof(BX_CPU_C));<\/p>\n

\t        printf("!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem %d\/%d\/%d %d:%d’!\\r"
\n\t        "eflags\\r\\t^self unsignedLongAt: %d! !\\r", m,d,y,h,i,
\n\t        stoffsetof(BX_CPU_C,eflags));<\/p>\n

\t        print(EAX,BX_32BIT_REG_EAX);
\n\t        print(EBX,BX_32BIT_REG_EBX);
\n\t        print(ECX,BX_32BIT_REG_ECX);
\n\t        print(EDX,BX_32BIT_REG_EDX);
\n\t        print(ESP,BX_32BIT_REG_ESP);
\n\t        print(EBP,BX_32BIT_REG_EBP);
\n\t        print(ESI,BX_32BIT_REG_ESI);
\n\t        print(EDI,BX_32BIT_REG_EDI);
\n\t        print(EIP,BX_32BIT_REG_EIP);<\/p>\n

\t        return 0;
\n}<\/font>
\n————-8<————- printcpu.c ————-8<————-<\/p>\n

xc is an old unix program written by David MacKenzie from 1989 that I love. You say
\n\t        xc printcpu.c
\nand it evaluates
\n\t        g++ -I.. -I..\/cpu -I..\/instrument\/stubs -Wno-invalid-offsetof printcpu.c -o printcpu
\ngrabing the instructions from the comment and the front of printcpu.c. Say xc again and it remembers which file you last ran. No need for a makefile for simple one-file programs. Neat.<\/p>\n

printcpu.c then produces output looking like
\n————-8<————- BochsIA32Alien.st ————-8<————-
\n"Hello world!!"!
\n!BochsIA32Alien class methodsFor: ‘instance creation’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\ndataSize
\n\t        ^18000! !
\n!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\neflags
\n\t        ^self unsignedLongAt: 513! !
\n!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\neax
\n\t        ^self unsignedLongAt: 469! !
\n!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\neax: anUnsignedInteger
\n\t        ^self unsignedLongAt: 469 put: anUnsignedInteger! !
\n!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\nebx
\n\t        ^self unsignedLongAt: 481! !
\n!BochsIA32Alien methodsFor: ‘accessing’ stamp: ‘eem 12\/11\/2008 18:46’!
\nebx: anUnsignedInteger
\n\t        ^self unsignedLongAt: 481 put: anUnsignedInteger! !
\n<\/font>etc…
\n————-8<————- BochsIA32Alien.st ————-8<————-
\nwhich files straight into Squeak once I’ve defined the class:<\/p>\n

Alien <\/font>variableByteSubclass:<\/font> <\/font>#BochsIA32Alien<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>instanceVariableNames:<\/font> <\/font>”<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>classVariableNames:<\/font> <\/font>”<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>poolDictionaries:<\/font> <\/font>”<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>category:<\/font> <\/font>‘Cog-Processors’<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

With a little bit of fiddling pairing away the bits of Bochs I don’t need I’ve got down to just the CPU. Here’s the plugin that interfaces to it:<\/p>\n

SmartSyntaxInterpreterPlugin <\/font>subclass:<\/font> <\/font>#BochsIA32Plugin<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>instanceVariableNames:<\/font> <\/font>”<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>classVariableNames:<\/font> <\/font>‘BaseHeaderSize BytesPerOop’<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>poolDictionaries:<\/font> <\/font>”<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>category:<\/font> <\/font>‘Cog-ProcessorPlugins’<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

BochsIA32Plugin methods for primitives<\/i><\/font>
\nprimitiveNewCPU<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>|<\/font> <\/font>cpu<\/font> <\/font>|<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>var:<\/font> <\/font>#cpu<\/font> <\/font>type:<\/font> <\/font>‘void *’<\/font><\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>primitive:<\/font> <\/font>‘primitiveNewCPU’<\/font><\/font> <\/font>parameters:<\/font> #().<\/p>\n

\t        <\/font>cpu<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>cCode:<\/font> <\/font>‘newcpu()’<\/font><\/font> <\/font>inSmalltalk:<\/font> [<\/font>0<\/font>].
\n\t        <\/font>cpu<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font> <\/font>ifTrue:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        [<\/font>^<\/font>interpreterProxy <\/font>primitiveFail<\/font>].
\n\t        interpreterProxy
\n\t        \t        <\/font>pop:<\/font> <\/font>1<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>thenPush:<\/font> (interpreterProxy <\/font>positive32BitIntegerFor:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>(<\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>cCoerceSimple:<\/font> <\/font>cpu<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>to:<\/font> <\/font>‘unsigned long’<\/font><\/font>)<\/font>)<\/p>\n

<\/font>"cpuAlien <BochsIA32Alien>"<\/font> <\/font>primitiveSingleStepIn:<\/b> <\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>"<Bitmap|ByteArray|WordArray>"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"Single-step the cpu using the argument as the memory."<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>|<\/font> <\/font>cpuAlien<\/font> <\/font>cpu<\/font> <\/font>maybeErr<\/font> <\/font>|<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>var:<\/font> <\/font>#cpu<\/font> <\/font>type:<\/font> <\/font>‘void *’<\/font><\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>cpuAlien<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>primitive:<\/font> <\/font>‘primitiveSingleStepIn’<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>parameters:<\/font> #(<\/font>WordsOrBytes<\/font>)
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>receiver:<\/font> <\/font>#Oop<\/font>.
\n\t        (<\/font>cpu<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>startOfData:<\/font> <\/font>cpuAlien<\/font>) <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font> <\/font>ifTrue:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        [<\/font>^<\/font>interpreterProxy <\/font>primitiveFailFor:<\/font> <\/font>PrimErrBadReceiver<\/b><\/font>].
\n\t        <\/font>maybeErr<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>singleStep:<\/font> <\/font>cpu<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>In:<\/font> <\/font>memory<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>Size:<\/font> (interpreterProxy <\/font>byteSizeOf:<\/font> <\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>cPtrAsOop<\/font>).
\n\t        <\/font>maybeErr<\/font> <\/font>~=<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font> <\/font>ifTrue:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        [<\/font>^<\/font>interpreterProxy <\/font>primitiveFailFor:<\/font> <\/font>PrimErrInappropriate<\/b><\/font>].
\n\t        <\/font>^<\/font>cpuAlien<\/font><\/p>\n

BochsIA32Plugin methods for alien support
\n<\/i><\/font>sizeField:<\/b> <\/font>rcvr<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"Answer the first field of rcvr which is assumed to be an Alien of at least 8 bytes"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>inline:<\/font> <\/font>true<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>^self<\/font> <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>rcvr<\/font> <\/font>+<\/font> <\/font>BaseHeaderSize<\/p>\n

<\/b><\/font>startOfData:<\/b> <\/font>rcvr<\/font> <\/font>"<Alien oop> ^<Integer>"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"Answer the start of rcvr’s data. For direct aliens this is the address of
\n\t         the second field. For indirect and pointer aliens it is what the second field points to."<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>inline:<\/font> <\/font>true<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>^<\/font>(<\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>sizeField:<\/font> <\/font>rcvr<\/font>) <\/font>><\/font> <\/font>0<\/font>
\n\t         \t        <\/font>ifTrue:<\/font> [<\/font>rcvr<\/font> <\/font>+<\/font> <\/font>BaseHeaderSize<\/b><\/font> <\/font>+<\/font> <\/font>BytesPerOop<\/b><\/font>]
\n\t        \t        <\/font>ifFalse:<\/font> [<\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>rcvr<\/font> <\/font>+<\/font> <\/font>BaseHeaderSize<\/b><\/font> <\/font>+<\/font> <\/font>BytesPerOop<\/b><\/font>]<\/font><\/p>\n

BochsIA32Alien hooks up to this code via<\/p>\n

BochsIA32Alien class methods for instance creation
\n<\/i><\/font>new<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>^self<\/font> <\/font>atAddress:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>primitiveNewCPU
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32Alien class methods for primitives<\/i><\/font>
\nprimitiveNewCPU<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>"Answer the address of a new Bochs C++ class bx_cpu_c\/BX_CPU_C x86 CPU emulator instance."<\/font>
\n\t        <<\/font>primitive:<\/b><\/font> <\/font>‘primitiveNewCPU’<\/font><\/font> <\/font>module:<\/b><\/font> <\/font>‘BochsIA32Plugin’<\/font><\/font>>
\n\t        <\/font>^self<\/font> <\/font>primitiveFailed
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32Alien methods for execution<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font>singleStepIn:<\/b> <\/font>aMemory<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>|<\/font> <\/font>result<\/font> <\/font>|<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>result<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>primitiveSingleStepIn:<\/font> <\/font>aMemory<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>result<\/font> <\/font>~~<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>ifTrue:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        [<\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>error:<\/font> <\/font>‘eek!’<\/font><\/font>]
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32Alien methods for primitives
\n<\/i><\/font>primitiveSingleStepIn:<\/b> <\/font>memoryArray<\/font> <\/font>"<Bitmap|ByteArray>"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"Single-step the receiver using the argument as the store."<\/font>
\n\t        <<\/font>primitive:<\/b><\/font> <\/font>‘primitiveSingleStepIn’<\/font><\/font> <\/font>module:<\/b><\/font> <\/font>‘BochsIA32Plugin’<\/font><\/font>>
\n\t        <\/font>^self<\/font> <\/font>primitiveFailed<\/font><\/p>\n

where <\/font>atAddress:<\/font> <\/font>is part of Alien’s standard instance creation facilities.<\/p>\n

And lo and behold the following test passes, yeah!!<\/p>\n

BochsIA32AlienTests methods for tests<\/i><\/font>
\ntestCPUID<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>|<\/font> <\/font>vendorString<\/font> <\/font>|<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        <\/font>eip:<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        \t        <\/font>eax:<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font>. <\/font>"get vendor identfication string"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>singleStepIn:<\/font> (ByteArray <\/font>with:<\/font> <\/font>16r0F<\/font> <\/font>with:<\/font> <\/font>16rA2<\/font> <\/font>with:<\/font> <\/font>16r90<\/font>) <\/font>"cpuid;nop"<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>assert:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>eip<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>2<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>assert:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>eax<\/font> <\/font>~=<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>vendorString<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> (ByteArray <\/font>new:<\/font> <\/font>12<\/font>)
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>1<\/font> <\/font>put:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>ebx<\/font> <\/font>bigEndian:<\/font> <\/font>false<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>5<\/font> <\/font>put:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>edx<\/font> <\/font>bigEndian:<\/font> <\/font>false<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>9<\/font> <\/font>put:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>ecx<\/font> <\/font>bigEndian:<\/font> <\/font>false<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>asString<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>assert:<\/font> (<\/font>vendorString<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>‘GenuineIntel’<\/font><\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>or:<\/font> <\/font>[<\/font>vendorString<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>‘AuthenticAMD’<\/font><\/font>]<\/font>)
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32AlienTests methods for accessing<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font>processor<\/b>
\n\t        processor <\/font>ifNil:<\/font>
\n\t        \t        [processor <\/font>:=<\/b> BochsIA32Alien <\/font>new<\/font>].
\n\t        <\/font>^<\/font>processor<\/p>\n

I am a happy chappie!<\/p>\n

A little more work figuring out that the Bochs emulation is accurate and boots the processor into real mode with 16-bit default operand sizes for the CS and SS segments and that I need to put it into protected 32-bit mode with 32-bit default operand sizes and the following works, yay!
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32AlienTests methods for tests<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font>testNfib4<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>"self new testNfib4"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>runNFib:<\/font> <\/font>4<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>assert:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>eip<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>nfib<\/font> <\/font>size<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>assert:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>eax<\/font> <\/font>=<\/font> <\/font>4<\/font> <\/font>benchFib<\/font>
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32AlienTests methods for execution<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font>runNFib:<\/b> <\/font>n<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"Run nfib wth the argument. Answer the result."<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>|<\/font> <\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>finalSP<\/font> <\/font>|<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> ByteArray <\/font>new:<\/font> <\/font>4096<\/font> <\/font>withAll:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>nopOpcode<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>finalSP<\/font> <\/font>:=<\/b> <\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>size<\/font> <\/font>–<\/font> <\/font>4<\/font>. <\/font>"Stop when we return to the nop following nfib"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>memory<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>replaceFrom:<\/font> <\/font>1<\/font> <\/font>to:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>nfib<\/font> <\/font>size<\/font> <\/font>with:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>nfib<\/font> <\/font>asByteArray<\/font> <\/font>startingAt:<\/font> <\/font>1<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>4093<\/font> <\/font>put:<\/font> <\/font>n<\/font> <\/font>bigEndian:<\/font> <\/font>false<\/font>; <\/font>"argument n"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>longAt:<\/font> <\/font>4089<\/font> <\/font>put:<\/font> <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>nfib<\/font> <\/font>size<\/font> <\/font>bigEndian:<\/font> <\/font>false<\/font>. <\/font>"return address"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font>
\n\t        \t        \t        <\/font>eip:<\/font> <\/font>0<\/font>;
\n\t        \t        \t        <\/font>esp:<\/font> (<\/font>memory<\/font> <\/font>size<\/font> <\/font>–<\/font> <\/font>8<\/font>). <\/font>"Room for return address and argument n"<\/font>
\n\t        [<\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>singleStepIn:<\/font> <\/font>memory<\/font>.
\n\t         <\/font>self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>esp<\/font> <\/font>~=<\/font> <\/font>finalSP<\/font>] <\/font>whileTrue<\/font>.
\n\t        <\/font>^self<\/font> <\/font>processor<\/font> <\/font>eax
\n<\/font>
\nBochsIA32AlienTests methods for accessing<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font>nfib<\/b>
\n\t        <\/font>"long fib(long n) { return n <= 1 ? 1 : fib(n-1) + fib(n-2) + 1; }
\n\t         as compiled by Microsoft Visual C++ V6 (12.00.8804) cl \/O2 \/Fc"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>"| bat nfib ip |
\n\t        bat := BochsIA32AlienTests new.
\n\t        nfib := bat nfib asByteArray.
\n\t        ip := 0.
\n\t        20 timesRepeat:
\n\t        \t        [bat processor disassembleInstructionAt: ip In: nfib into:
\n\t        \t        \t        [:da :len|
\n\t        \t        \t        Transcript nextPutAll: da; cr; flush.
\n\t        \t        \t        ip := ip + len]]"<\/font>
\n\t        <\/font>^<\/font>#(<\/font>"00000"<\/font> <\/font>16r56<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"push esi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00001"<\/font> <\/font>16r8B<\/font> <\/font>16r74<\/font> <\/font>16r24<\/font> <\/font>16r08<\/font>\t        \t                 <\/font>"mov esi, DWORD PTR _n$[esp]"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00005"<\/font> <\/font>16r83<\/font> <\/font>16rFE<\/font> <\/font>16r01<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"cmp esi, 1"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00008"<\/font> <\/font>16r7F<\/font> <\/font>16r07<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"jg SHORT $L528"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0000a"<\/font> <\/font>16rB8<\/font> <\/font>16r01<\/font> <\/font>16r00<\/font> <\/font>16r00<\/font> <\/font>16r00<\/font>\t                <\/font>"mov eax, 1"<\/font>
\n\t        \t         <\/font>"0000f"<\/font> <\/font>16r5E<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"pop esi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00010"<\/font> <\/font>16rC3<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"ret 0"<\/font>
\n<\/font>"
\n$L528:"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00011"<\/font> <\/font>16r8D<\/font> <\/font>16r46<\/font> <\/font>16rFE<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"lea eax, DWORD PTR [esi-2]"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00014"<\/font> <\/font>16r57<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"push edi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00015"<\/font> <\/font>16r50<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"push eax"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00016"<\/font> <\/font>16rE8<\/font> <\/font>16rE5<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>        "call _fib"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0001b"<\/font> <\/font>16r4E<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"dec esi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0001c"<\/font> <\/font>16r8B<\/font> <\/font>16rF8<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"mov edi, eax"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0001e"<\/font> <\/font>16r56<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"push esi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0001f"<\/font> <\/font>16rE8<\/font> <\/font>16rDC<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>16rFF<\/font> <\/font>        "call _fib"<\/font>
\n\t\t                <\/font>"00024"<\/font> <\/font>16r83<\/font> <\/font>16rC4<\/font> <\/font>16r08<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"add esp, 8"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"00027"<\/font> <\/font>16r8D<\/font> <\/font>16r44<\/font> <\/font>16r07<\/font> <\/font>16r01<\/font>\t                \t        <\/font>"lea eax, DWORD PTR [edi+eax+1]"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0002b"<\/font> <\/font>16r5F<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"pop edi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0002c"<\/font> <\/font>16r5E<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"pop esi"<\/font>
\n\t        \t        <\/font>"0002d"<\/font> <\/font>16rC3<\/font>\t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        \t        <\/font>"ret 0"<\/font>)<\/p>\n

I’m ready to start work on the JIT. No more machine-level debugging for quite a while I hope \ud83d\ude42
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\t
\t\t \t\t\"\"<\/a> \t\t  <\/span> \t\tSend article as PDF<\/span> \t\t  <\/span> \t\t \t\t \t<\/form> <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When I worked in Paris for a short time I was hugely amused to hear the colloquialism "Quesque c’est ta boîte?", "What’s your job?" or "what’s your company?", which translates literally as "What’s your box"? I know we all love working but occasionally "box" describes one’s lot perfectly, hein? Anyway, if I’m to implement the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mirandabanda.org\/cogblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}